Peter J. Lee

Distinguished University Scholar/Scientist/PI
Deputy Director: The Applied Superconductivity Center
National High Magnetic Field Laboratory
Florida State University

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Applied Superconductivity Center at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Florida State University 251 Frank Shaw Bldg., 2031 E. Paul Dirac Dr, Tallahassee, FL 32310-3710 USA

Education    

BSc (Metallurgy and Materials Science) 1980, University of Birmingham, UK 

PhD (Metallurgy and Materials Science) 1983, University of Birmingham, UK 

Publications:

A list of viewable publications that may also be sent, on request, in a printable form by email.
. . . Archive Page for Older Publications

Patent

“Artificial and Multiple Phase Micro-Electropolishing,” Peter J. Lee, United States Patent Number 5,354,437, Oct. 11, 1994

Books

“Composite Superconductors,” ed. K. Osamura, ed. bd. T. Matsushita, P. J. Lee, S. Ochiai, pub. Marcel Dekker, New York, 1994.
“Engineering Superconductivity, ed. Peter J. Lee, Wiley-Interscience, New York, 2001

Book Articles

“Niobium-Titanium Alloys,” P. J. Lee and D. C. Larbalestier, in the Concise Encyclopedia of Magnetic & Superconducting Materials, ed. J. E. Evetts, Pergamon Press, Oxford, pp. 357-363, 1992. ISBN 0080347223, 9780080347226

“Fabrication Methods: BCC Alloys,” P. J. Lee, and D.C. Larbalestier, in Composite Superconductors, ed. ;K. Osamura, T. Matsushita, P.J. Lee, and S. Ochiai, pub., Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, pp. 238-258, 1994.

Read on books.Google.com

“Abridged metallurgy of ductile alloy superconductors,” P. J. Lee in “Wiley Encyclopedia of Electrical and Electronics Engineering,” J. G. Webster, ed., John Wiley & Son, Inc., New York, vol. 21, pp. 75-87, 1999. DOI: 10.1002/047134608X.W1302https://fs.magnet.fsu.edu/~lee/asc/pdf_papers/589.pdf and also in “Engineering Superconductivity, ed. Peter J. Lee, Wiley-Interscience, New York, 2001.

"Handbook of Superconducting Materials," Chapter 3.3: Conductor Processing of Low-T_c Materials: The Alloy Nb-Ti, Lance Cooley, Peter Lee, and David Larbalestier, Ed. David A Cardwell and David S Ginley, IOP, 2003. ISBN: 0750308982. A Pre-publication draft is available for download from: https://fs.magnet.fsu.edu/~lee/asc/pdf_papers/630.pdf

"Superconductor: Wires and Cables: Materials And Processes," Peter J. Lee, in The Encyclopedia of Materials: Science and Technology - Update, Edited by K. H. J. Buschow, R. W. Cahn, M. C. Flemings, P Veyssiere, E. J. Kramer, S. Mahajan. Elsevier 2003. Published on-line by Elsevier at the EMSAT website in 2003. Appears in full electronic update of EMSAT in 2004.

DOI: 10.1016/B0-08-043152-6/01871-4

“Nb-Ti - from beginnings to perfection,” Peter J. Lee and Bruce Strauss, in 100 Years of Superconductivity, published November 11, 2011 by Taylor & Francis, editors Horst Rogalla, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands and University of Colorado at Boulder, USA; Peter H. Kes, Leiden University, The Netherlands. ISBN-13: 978-1439849460

“History of Nb₃Sn and Related A15 Wires,” Kyoji Tachikawa and Peter J. Lee, in 100 Years of Superconductivity, published November 11, 2011 by Taylor & Francis, editors Horst Rogalla, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands and University of Colorado at Boulder, USA; Peter H. Kes, Leiden University, The Netherlands. ISBN-13: 978-1439849460

Refereed Articles

1    “High Critical Current Densities in Industrial Scale Composites Made from High Homogeneity Nb 46.5 Ti,” D. C. Larbalestier, A. W. West, W. Starch, W. Warnes, P. J. Lee, W. K. McDonald, P. O’Larey, K. Hemachalam, B. Zeitlin, R. Scanlan and C. Taylor, IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, MAG-21, pp. 269-272, 1985. https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.1985.1063709

2   “Properties of Idealized Designs of Nb₃Sn Composites,” D. B. Smathers, K. R. Marken, P. J. Lee, D. C. Larbalestier, W. K. McDonald and P. M. O’Larey, IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, MAG-21, pp. 1133-1136, 1985. https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.1985.1063630

3   “Limitation of Critical Current Density by Intermetallic Formation in Fine Filament Nb-Ti Superconductors,” D. C. Larbalestier, Li Chengren, W. Starch and P. J. Lee, IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, 32, pp. 3743-3745, 1985. DOI: 10.1109/TNS.1985.4334488

4   “Characterization Studies of a Fully Reacted High Bronze-to-Niobium Ratio Filamentary Nb₃Sn Composite,” K. R. Marken, S.-J. Kwon, P. J. Lee and D. C. Larbalestier, Adv. Cryo. Eng. Materials, Vol. 32, pp.967-975, 1986. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-9871-4_115

5   “The Growth of Intermetallic Compounds at a Copper-Niobium-Titanium Interface,” D. C. Larbalestier, P. J. Lee and R. W. Samuel, Adv. Cryo. Eng., 32, pp. 715-722, 1986. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-9871-4_85

6   “Development of Nanometer Scale Structures in Composites of Nb-Ti and Their Effect on the Superconducting Critical Current Density,” P. J. Lee and D. C. Larbalestier, Acta Met., 35, pp. 2523-2536, 1987. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0001-6160(87)90149-0

7   “Proximity Effect Depression of the Critical Temperature in Two-Phase Nb-Ti Superconductors,” C. Meingast, M. Daeumling, P. J. Lee and D. C. Larbalestier, Appl. Phys. Lett., 51, pp. 688-689, 1987. https://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.98335

8   “Microstructural and Electromagnetic Characterization of La_2-xSr_xCuO₄,” D. C. Larbalestier, M. Daeumling, P. J. Lee, T. F. Kelly, J. Seuntjens, C. Meingast, X. Cai, J. McKinnell, R. D. Ray, R. G. Dillenburg and E. E. Hellstrom, Cryogenics, 27, pp. 411-415, 1987. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0011-2275(87)90153-6

9   “Experiments Concerning the Connective Nature of Superconductivity in YBa₂Cu₃O₇,”, D. C. Larbalestier, M. Daeumling, X. Cai, J. Seuntjens, J. McKinnell, D. Hampshire, P. J. Lee, C. Meingast, T. Willis, H. Muller, R. D. Ray, R. G. Dillenburg, E. E. Hellstrom and R. Joynt, J. Appl. Phys., 62, pp. 3308-3313, 1987. https://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.339339

10    “Calorimetric Studies of the Superconducting Transition as Function of Thermomechanical Processing in Fine-Filament Cu/NbTi Composites,” E. W. Collings, T. S. Kreilick, E. Gregory, P. J. Lee and J. C. Ho, Adv. Cryo. Eng. Mat., 34, pp. 1027-1032, 1988.

11    “High Titanium Nb-Ti Alloys - Initial Microstructural Studies,” P. J. Lee, D. C. Larbalestier and J. C. McKinnell, Adv. Cryo. Eng. Mat., 34, pp. 967-974, 1988.

12    “High Titanium Nb-Ti Alloys - Initial High Critical Current Density Properties,” J. McKinnell, P. J. Lee, R. Remsbottom, D. C. Larbalestier, P. M. O’Larey and W. K. McDonald, Adv. Cryo. Eng. Mat., 34, pp. 1001-1007, 1988.

13    “Investigation of Composition Variations Near Grain Boundaries in High-Quality Sintered Samples of Yba₂Cu₃O_7-d,” S. E. Babcock, T. F. Kelly, P. J. Lee, J. M. Seuntjens, L. A. LaVanier and D. C. Larbalestier, Physica C, 152. DOI: 10.1016/0921-4534(88)90070-6 

14    “Weak Links And The Poor Transport Critical Currents Of The 123 Compounds,” D. C. Larbalestier, S. E. Babcock, X. Cai, et al., Physica C 153: 1580-1585 Part 2 Jun 1988 DOI: 10.1016/0921-4534(88)90426-1 

15    “Determination of the Flux Pinning Force of α-Ti Ribbons in Nb46.5wt.%Ti Produced by Heat Treatments of the Varying Temperature, Duration and Frequency,” P. J. Lee and D. C. Larbalestier, J. Mat. Sci., 23, pp. 3951-3957, 1988. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01106819

16    “Microstructure Control in High Ti NbTi Alloys,” P. J. Lee, J. C. McKinnell, and D. C. Larbalestier, IEEE Trans. on Magnetics, MAG-25, pp. 1918-1924, 1989. DOI: 10.1109/20.92681

17    “The Effect of Titanium Content on the Pinning Force in Nb44wt%Ti to Nb62wt%Ti,” J. C. McKinnell, P. J. Lee, and D. C. Larbalestier, IEEE Trans. on Magnetics, MAG-25, pp. 1930-1933, 1989. https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/20.92684

18    “Influences of Microstructure on the Flux Pinning in Nb-Ti Multifilamentary Superconducting Wires,” H. Gotoda, K. Osamura, M. Furusaka, M. Arai, J. Suzuki, P. Lee, D. Larbalestier, and Y. Monju, Philosophical Magazine B, vol. 60, no. 6, 21 June, pp. 819-835, 1989. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13642818908209745

19    “Quantitative Description of a High J_c Nb-Ti Superconductor During its Final Optimization strain: I.  Microstructure, T_c, H_c2, and Resistivity,” C. Meingast, P. Lee, and D. Larbalestier,” J. Appl. Phys., vol. 66, no. 12, 15 December, pp. 5962-5970, 1989. https://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.343624

20    “Novel Heat Treatments for Obtaining High J_c in Nb46.5wt%Ti,” P. Lee, J. McKinnell, and D. Larbalestier, Advances in Cryogenic Engineering (Materials), vol. 36. New York: Plenum Press, pp. 287-294, 1990. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-9880-6_37

21   “Ternary superconductor NbTiTa for high field superfluid magnets,” A. D. McInturff, J. Carson, D. Larbalestier, P. Lee, J. McKinnell, H. Kanithi, W. McDonald, and P. O’Larey, Magnetics, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 26, no. 5, pp. 1450–1452, 1990. https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/20.104406

22    “Strongly Enhanced Critical Current Density in Nb 47 wt.% Ti Having a Highly Aligned Microstructure,” L. Cooley, P. Jablonski, P. J. Lee and D. Larbalestier, Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 58, no. 25, 24 June, pp. 2984-2986, 1991. https://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.104689

23    “Is Magnetic Pinning a Dominant Mechanism in Nb-Ti?” L. D. Cooley, P. J. Lee, and D. C. Larbalestier, IEEE Trans. Mag., vol. 27, pp. 1096-1100, 1991. https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/20.133372

24    “Improved Response to Heat Treatment of Nb-Ti Alloys by the Addition of Zr,” P. Lee, J. McKinnell, and D. Larbalestier, Advances in Cryogenic Engineering (Materials), vol. 38. New York: Plenum Press, pp. 691-697, 1992.

25    “Diffusional Reaction Rates Through the Nb Wrap in SSC and Other Advanced Multifilamentary Nb 46.5WT%Ti Composites,” K. Faase, P. Lee, J. McKinnell, and D. Larbalestier, Advances in Cryogenic Engineering (Materials), vol. 38. New York: Plenum Press, pp. 723-730, 1992.

26    “Quantitative Analysis of Sausaging in Nb Barrier Clad Filaments of Nb-46.5WT% Ti as a Function of Filament Diameter and Heat Treatment,” Y. High, P. Lee, J. McKinnell, and D. Larbalestier, Advances in Cryogenic Engineering (Materials), vol. 38. New York: Plenum Press, pp. 647-652, 1992.

27    “Non-uniform Deformation of Niobium Diffusion Barriers in Niobium-Titanium Wire,” R. Heussner, P. Lee, and D. Larbalestier, IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, vol. 3, pp. 757-760, 1993. https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/77.233814

28    “Microstructure Property Relationships in Nb-Ti-Ta,” P. Lee, D. Larbalestier, J. McKinnell, and A. McInturff, IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, vol. 3, pp. 1354-1357, 1993. https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/77.233648

29    “An Examination of the Properties of SSC Phase II R&D Strands,” P. Lee and D. Larbalestier, IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, vol. 3, pp. 833-841, 1993. https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/77.233833

30    “Cold Work Loss During Heat Treatment and Extrusion of Nb-46.5WT%TI Composites As Measured by Microhardness,” J. Parrell, P. Lee, and D. Larbalestier, IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, vol. 3, pp 734-737, 1993. DOI: 10.1109/77.233808

31    “Influence of nanometer-scale copper filaments in niobium on mechanical and superconducting properties,” R. Zhou, S. Hong, B. H. Kear and P. J. Lee, Nanostructured Materials, vol. 2, pp. 73-80, 1993. DOI:10.1016/0965-9773(93)90052-D

32    “Restricted Novel Heat Treatments for Obtaining High J_c in Nb-46.5wt%Ti: II. Prestrain Dependence,” P. J. Lee, J.C. McKinnell, and D. C. Larbalestier, Adv. Cryo. Eng., vol. 40A, pp. 725-732, 1994. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9053-5_92

33    “The Influence of Niobium and Niobium-Titanium Grain Size on the Drawing Instability of Niobium Diffusion Barriers in Niobium-Titanium Wire,” R. W. Heussner, P. J. Lee and D. C. Larbalestier, Adv. Cryo. Eng., vol. 40, pp. 755-762, 1994. DOI:10.1007/978-1-4757-9053-5_96

34    “A Periodic Pin Array at the Fluxon Lattice Scale in a High-Field Superconducting Wire,” L.D. Cooley, P.J. Lee, D.C. Larbalestier and P.M. O’Larey, App. Phys. Lett., vol. 64(10), pp. 1298‑1300, 1994. https://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.111940

35    “Development of an artificial two‑phase Nb‑Ti microstructure using powder metallurgy techniques,” P. D. Jablonski, P. J. Lee, and D. C. Larbalestier, Appl Phys Lett., vol. 65, pp. 767-769, August 94. https://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.112224

36    “Quantification of Pinning Center Thickness in Conventionally Processed and Powder Processed Artificial Pinning Center Microstructures,”, P. J. Lee, D. C. Larbalestier, and P. D. Jablonski, IEEE Trans. Appl. Superconductivity, 5, pp. 1701-1704, 1995. DOI: 10.1109/77.402904

37    “Properties of rod-based artificial pinning center Nb‑Ti superconductors,” R. W. Heussner, P. D. Jablonski, P. J. Lee and D. C. Larbalestier, IEEE Trans. Appl. Superconductivity, 5, pp. 1705-1708, 1995. DOI: 10.1109/77.402905

38   “Microstructural and compositional gradients in the filament-matrix region of Nb-Ti wire composites,” K. J. Faase, W. H. Warnes, P. J. Lee, D. C. Larbalestier, IEEE Trans. Appl. Superconductivity, 5(2:2), pp. 1197 -1200, June 1995. DOI: 10.1109/77.402776

39    “Improved Niobium 47 weight Titanium Composition by Iron Addition,” D. B. Smathers, D. A. Leonard, H. C. Kanithi, S. Hong, W. H. Warnes and P. J. Lee, Materials Transactions, JIM, vol. 37 (3), pp. 519-526, 1996. https://dx.doi.org/10.2320/matertrans1989.37.519

40    “Flux-pinning mechanism of proximity-coupled planar defects in conventional superconductors: Evidence that magnetic pinning is the dominant pinning mechanism in niobium-titanium alloy,” L. D. Cooley, P. J. Lee and D. C. Larbalestier, Phys. Rev B, 53, pp. 6638-6652,1996. https://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.53.6638

41    “Properties of niobium-titanium superconducting wires with Nb artificial pinning centers,” R. W. Heussner, C. Bormio Nunes, P. J. Lee, D. C. Larbalestier, and P. D. Jablonski, J. Appl. Phys., vol. 80, pp. 1640-1646, 1996.   An Adobe Acrobat Preprint of this file may be viewed at the following location (1003 KB, 7 pages):      Download PDF file: https://fs.magnet.fsu.edu/~lee/asc/pdf_papers/410.pdf

42    “Multiple Peaks in the Angular and Field Dependence of the Critical Currents in Nb-47wt%Ti/Cu Multilayers,” E. Kadyrov, L. D. Cooley, A. Gurevich, P. J. Lee and D. C. Larbalestier, IEEE Trans. Applied Superconductivity, Vol. 7(2), pp. 1205-1208, 1997.  An Adobe Acrobat Preprint of this file may be viewed at the following location (548 KB, 4 pages): https://fs.magnet.fsu.edu/~lee/asc/pdf_papers/413.pdf

43    “Quantitative Image Analysis of Filament Coupling and Grain Size in ITER Nb(Ti)₃Sn Strand Manufactured by the Internal Sn Process,” P. J. Lee, J. R. Ruess and D. C. Larbalestier, IEEE Trans. Applied Superconductivity, Vol. 7(2), pp. 1516-1519, 1997.  An Adobe Acrobat Preprint of this file may be viewed at the following location:  Download PDF: https://fs.magnet.fsu.edu/~lee/asc/pdf_papers/410.pdf

44    “Increased critical current density in Nb-Ti wires having Nb artificial pinning centers,” R.W. Heussner, J. D. Marquardt, P.J. Lee, and D. C. Larbalestier, Applied Physics Letters, vol. 70 (7), pp. 901-903, 1997.  An Adobe Acrobat Preprint of this file may be viewed at the following location (480 KB, 3 pages): https://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.118238

or for better image quality https://fs.magnet.fsu.edu/~lee/asc/pdf_papers/403.pdf

45    “Development of High Performance Nb-Ti-Ta Multifilamentary Superconducting Strand for the LHC High Gradient Quadrupole Conductor,” P. J. Lee, C. M. Fischer, D. C. Larbalestier, M. T. Naus, A. A. Squitieri, W. L. Starch, and R. J. Werner, P. J. Limon, G. Sabbi, and A. Zlobin, and E. Gregory, IEEE Trans. Applied Superconductivity, vol. 9 (2), pp. 1571-1574, June 1999: https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/77.784695

46    “Development of High Performance Nb-Ti(Fe) Multifilamentary Superconducting Strand for the LHC High Gradient Quadrupole Conductor,” P. J. Lee, C. M. Fischer, W. Gabr-Rayan, D. C. Larbalestier*, M. T. Naus, A. A. Squitieri, and W. L. Starch, E. Z. A. Barzi, P. J. Limon, G. Sabbi, and A. Zlobin, H. Kanithi, S. Hong, J. C. McKinnell and D. Neff, IEEE Trans. Applied Superconductivity, vol. 9 (2), pp. 1559-1562, June 1999. https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/77.784692.

47    “Superconducting Properties and Critical Current Density of Nb-Ti/Ti Multilayers,” L. D. Cooley, C. D. Hawes, P. J. Lee and D. C. Larbalestier, IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, vol. 9(2), pp. 1743-1746, June 1999. https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/77.784791

48    “Nb₃Sn: Macrostructure, Microstructure, and Property Comparisons for Bronze and Internal Sn Process Strands,” P. J. Lee, A. A. Squitieri and D. C. Larbalestier, IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 10(1): 979-982, 2000. https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/77.828395

49    “Measurement of the Critical Temperature Transition and Composition Gradient in Powder-In-Tube Nb₃Sn Composite Wire,” C. D. Hawes, P. J. Lee, and D. C. Larbalestier, IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 10(1): 988-991, 2000. https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/77.828397. Higher quality PDF file: https://fs.magnet.fsu.edu/~lee/asc/pdf_papers/625.pdf

50    “The Interdiffusion of Cu and Sn in Internal Sn Nb₃Sn Superconductors,” M. T. Naus, P. J. Lee, and D. C. Larbalestier, IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 10(1): 983-987, 2000. https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/77.828396

51    “Compositional and Microstructural Profiles across Nb₃Sn Filaments”, P. J. Lee, C. D. Hawes, M. T. Naus, A. A. Squitieri, D. C. Larbalestier, IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 11(1), pp. 3671-3674, 2001.https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/77.919861

52    “Microstructure and Current-Voltage Characteristics of Bronze Processed Niobium Tin Composites”, Rainer Kimmich, Frank Hornung, Astrid Rimikis, Theo Schneider, and Peter Lee, IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity., 11(1), pp. 3675-3678, 2001. https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/77.919862

53    “The Influence of the Starting Cu-Sn Phase on the Superconducting Properties of Subsequently Reacted Internal-Sn Nb₃Sn Conductors”, M.T. Naus, P.J. Lee, D.C. Larbalestier, IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 11(1), pp. 3569-3572, 2001. https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/77.919835

54    “Shift of the Flux-Pinning Force Curve in Nb₃Sn Thin Films with Very Fine Grain Size”, L.D. Cooley, P.J. Lee, IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 11(1), pp. 3820-3827, 2001. https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/77.919897

55   “Changes in Flux Pinning Curve Shape for Flux-Line Separations Comparable to Grain Size in Nb₃Sn Wires,” L. D. Cooley, P. J. Lee, and D. C. Larbalestier, Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, 48 (B): 925-932, 2002. Download PDF file: https://fs.magnet.fsu.edu/~lee/asc/pdf_papers/705.pdf

56   “Lack of Influence of the Cu-Sn Mixing Heat Treatments on the Super-Conducting Properties of Two High-Nb, Internal-Sn Nb₃Sn Conductors,” M. T. Naus, M. C. Jewell, P. J. Lee, and D. C. Larbalestier, Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, 48 (B): 1016-1022, 2002. https://fs.magnet.fsu.edu/~lee/asc/pdf_papers/698.pdf

57   “Irreversibility Field and Critical Current Density as a Function of Heat Treatment Time and Temperature for a Pure Niobium Powder-in-Tube Nb₃Sn Conductor," C. M. Fischer, P. J. Lee, and D. C. Larbalestier, Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, 48 (B): 1008-1015, 2002. Download PDF file: https://fs.magnet.fsu.edu/~lee/asc/pdf_papers/pub704.pdf

58   “The Microstructure and Critical Current Density of Nb-48 Wt.%Ti Superconductor with Very High Alpha-Ti Precipitate Volume and Very High Critical Current,” O. V. Chernyi, N. F. Adrievskaya, V. O. Ilicheva, G. E. Storozhilov, P. J. Lee, and A. A. Squitieri, Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, 48 (B): 883-890, 2002. https://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1472628

59   “Multifilamentary Nb₃Sn Wires Reacted in Hydrogen Gas,” M. Takayasu, R. G. Ballinger, R. B. Goldfarb, A. A. Squitieri, P. J. Lee, and D. C. Larbalestier, Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, 48 (B): 986-993, 2002. https://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1472640

60     “Niobium-Titanium Superconducting Wires:  Nanostructures by Extrusion and Wire Drawing,” P. J. Lee and D. C. Larbalestier, Wire Journal International, 36(2), pp. 61-66, 2003. Download PDF file (3 MB, 8 pages, Acrobat 5 format): https://fs.magnet.fsu.edu/~lee/asc/pdf_papers/691.pdf

61    “Microchemical and Microstructural Comparison of High Performance Nb₃Al Composites, P. J Lee, A. A. Squitieri, D. C. Larbalestier, T. Takeuchi, N. Banno, T. Fukuzaki, H. Wada. IEEE Trans. Applied Superconductivity, 13(2): pp. 3398-3401, 2003. Download PDF: https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2003.812334

62    “The Microstructure and Microchemistry of High Critical Current Nb₃Sn Strands Manufactured by the Bronze, Internal-Sn and PIT Techniques,” P. J. Lee, C. M. Fischer, M. T. Naus, A. A Squitieri, D. C. Larbalestier. IEEE Trans. Applied Superconductivity 13(2): pp. 3422-3425, 2003. https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2003.812341

63   “The Influence of Nb₃Sn Strand Geometry on Filament Breakage under Bend Strain as Revealed by Metallography", Matthew C. Jewell, Peter J. Lee and David C. Larbalestier,  Supercond. Sci. Technol. 16 (2003) 1005–1011. https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-2048/16/9/308

64    “Progress On The Use Of Internal Fins As Barriers To Reduce Magnetization On High Current Density Mono Element Internal Tin Conductors (MEIT),” B. A. Zeitlin, E. Gregory, T. Pyon, R. M. Scanlan, A. A. Polyanskii, and P. J. Lee, Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, 50B, pp. 417-424, 2004. https://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1774597

65     “Attempts To Reduce A.C. Losses In High Current Density Internal-Tin Nb₃Sn,” E. Gregory, B. A. Zeitlin, M. Tomsic, T. Pyon, M. D. Sumption, E. W. Collings, E. Barzi, D. R. Dietderich, R. M. Scanlan, A. A. Polyanskii, and P. J. Lee, Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, 50B, pp. 789-796, 2004. https://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1774643

66    "The Upper Critical Field of Stoichiometric and Off-Stoichiometric Bulk, Binary Nb₃Sn,"M. Jewell, A. Godeke, P. J. Lee and D. C. Larbalestier, Advances in Cryogenic Engineering (Materials) (2004) 50B 474–84. https://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1774604

67    "Development Of Point-Array APC Nano-Structures In Nb-Ti Based Superconducting Strand," P. J. Lee, L. R. Motowidlo, M. K. Rudziak and T. Wong. Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, 50B, pp. 314-321, 2004. https://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1774584

68    "Comparison of the Properties and Microstructure of Niobium‐47Titanium Superconductors with Magnetic and Non‐Magnetic Island Pinning Centers," L. R. Motowidlo, M. K. Rudziak, T. Wong, L. D. Cooley, and P. J. Lee, Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, 50B, pp. 322-329, 2004. https://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1774585

69    “Flux Pinning Properties In Nb-Ti Composites Having Nb And Ti Mixed Artificial Pins,” O. Miura, D. Ito, P. J. Lee, and D. C. Larbalestier, Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, 50B, pp. 307-313, 2004. https://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1774583

70    “Simulations of the effects of tin composition gradients on the superconducting properties of Nb₃Sn conductors,” L. D. Cooley, C. M. Fischer, P. J. Lee, and D. C. Larbalestier, Journal of Applied Physics, 96(4), pp. 2122-2130, 2004. https://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1763993

71    “The upper critical field of filamentary Nb₃Sn conductors,” A. Godeke, M. C. Jewell, C. M. Fischer, A. A. Squitieri, P. J. Lee and D. C. Larbalestier, J. Appl. Phys. 97-9, 093909 May, 2005. https://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1890447

72    “Effects of Bending on Cracking and Critical Current of Nb₃Sn ITER Wires,” B. J. Senkowicz, M. Takayasu, P. J. Lee, J. V. Minervini and D. C. Larbalestier, IEEE Trans. Applied Superconductivity, 15(2), pp. 3470-3473, 2005. https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2005.849061

73    “Transverse Stress Effects in ITER Conductors,” J. H. Schultz, L. Chiesa, D. L. Harris, P. J. Lee, Minervini, B. J. Senkowicz, M. Takayasu, and P. Titus, IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., 15, 1371-1374 (2005) https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2005.849092

74    “Microstructure, Microchemistry and the Development of Very High Nb₃Sn Layer Critical Current Density,” P. J. Lee and D. C. Larbalestier, IEEE Trans. Applied Superconductivity, 15(2), pp. 3474-3477, 2005. https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2005.849064

75    "Measurements of the Microstructural, Microchemical and Transition Temperature Gradients of A15 layers in High Performance Nb₃Sn PIT Superconducting Strand," C. D. Hawes, P. J. Lee and D. C. Larbalestier, Supercond. Sci. Technol. 19 S27-S37, 2006. https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-2048/19/3/004

76    “Grain boundary flux penetration and resistivity in large grain niobium sheet,” P. J. Lee, A. A. Polyanskii, A. Gurevich, A. A. Squitieri, D. C. Larbalestier, P. C. Bauer, C. Boffo, H. T. Edwards, Physica C 441(1) (2006) 126–129. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physc.2006.03.027

77    “Superconducting magnet and conductor research activities in the US fusion program,” P. C. Michael, J. H. Schultz, T. A. Antaya, R. Ballinger, L. Chiesa, J. Feng, C.-Y. Gung, D. Harris, J.-H. Kim, P. Lee, N. Martovetsky, J. V. Minervini, A. Radovinsky, M. Salvetti, M. Takayasu, and P. Titus, Fusion Engineering and Design, vol. 81, no. 20–22, pp. 2381–2388, Nov. 2006. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fusengdes.2006.07.023

78     “Flux Penetration Into Grain Boundaries Large Grain Niobium Sheet For SRF Cavities: Angular Sensitivity,“ P. J. Lee, A. A. Polyanskii, Z. Sung, D. C. Larbalestier, C. Antoine, P. Bauer, C. Boffo, and H. Edwards, Proceedings of the Single Crystal Niobium Technology Workshop, Araxá, Brazil, October 30-November 1 (2006), AIP Conference Proceedings 927, ed. G. Myneni, T. Carneiro and A. Hutton, pp. 113-120 (2007). https://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2770684

79    “Microstructural Factors Important for the Development of High Critical Current Density Nb₃Sn Strand, “ P. J. Lee and D. C. Larbalestier, Cryogenics, 48, 283-292 (2008). Most highly cited article in the journal Cryogenics since 2007 (as of 6/17/12). https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cryogenics.2008.04.005

80    “Evidence for two distinct scales of current flow in polycrystalline Sm and Nd iron oxypnictides,” Yamamoto, A.; Polyanskii, A.A.; Jiang, J.; Kametani, F.; Tarantini, C.; Hunte, F.; Jaroszynski, J.; Hellstrom, E.E.; Lee, P.J.; Gurevich, A.; Larbalestier, D.C.; Ren, Z.A.; Yang, J.; Dong, X.L.; Lu, W. and Zhao, Z.X., Superconductor Science and Technology, 21, 095008 (2008). https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-2048/21/9/095008

81    “Evidence for highly localized damage in internal tin and powder-in-tube Nb₃Sn strands rolled before reaction obtained from coupled magneto-optical imaging and confocal laser scanning microscopy,” A. A. Polyanskii, P. J. Lee, M. C. Jewell, E. Barzi, D. Turrioni, A. V.  Zlobin, and D. C. Larbalestier, Superconductor Science and Technology, 22 (9), 095008 (13pp) (2009). https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-2048/22/9/095008

82    “The effect of second phase additions on the microstructure and bulk pinning force in Nb₃Sn  PIT wire,” L. R. Motowidlo, P. J. Lee, and D. C. Larbalestier, IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., 19 (3), 2568-2572 (2009). https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2009.2017762

83    “Sn concentration gradients in Powder-in-Tube superconductors,” M. Cantoni, C. Scheuerlein, P. -Y Pfirter, F. de Borman, J. Rossen, G. Arnau, L. Oberli and P. J. Lee, J. Physics, 234 (2), 022005 (2010). https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/234/2/022005

84    “Evidence that the upper critical field of Nb₃Sn is independent of whether it is cubic or tetragonal,” J. Zhou, Y. Jo, Z-H Sung, H. Zhou, P. J. Lee and D. C. Larbalestier, Appl. Phys. Lett., 99, 122507 (2011). https://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3643055

85    “Magneto-Optical Study High-Purity Niobium for Superconducting RF Application,” A. A. Polyanskii, P. J. Lee, A. Gurevich, Zu-Hawn Sung, and D. C. Larbalestier, AIP Conf. Proc., 1352, 186-202 (2011). https://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3579237

86    “Suppressed Superconductivity on the Surface of Superconducting RF Quality Niobium for Particle Accelerating Cavities,” Z-H. Sung, A. A. Polyanskii, P. J. Lee, A. Gurevich and D. C. Larbalestier, AIP Conf. Proc., 1352, 142-150 (2011). https://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3579232

87    “Development of a Multifilament PIT V₃Ga Conductor for Fusion Applications,” J. S. Distin, L. R. Motowidlo, P. J. Lee, D. C. Larbalestier, A. K. Ghosh, X. F. Lu, N. Cheggour, T. C. Stauffer, and L. F. Goodrich, IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 2529–2532, Jun. 2011. https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2010.210335187

88    “New Developments in Nb₃Sn PIT Strand: The Effects of Titanium and Second Phase Additions on the Superconducting Properties,” L. Motowidlo, J. Distin, P. Lee, D. Larbalestier, and A. Ghosh, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 2546–2549, Jun. 2011. https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2010.2089488

89    “Evidence that filament fracture occurs in an ITER toroidal field conductor after cyclic Lorentz force loading in SULTAN,” C. Sanabria, P. J. Lee, W. Starch, I. Pong, A. Vostner, M. C. Jewell, A. Devred and D. C. Larbalestier, Superconductor Science and Technology, 25, 075007 (11pp) (2012). https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-2048/25/7/075007

90    "Study of Filament Cracking Under Uniaxial Repeated Loading for ITER TF Strands," M. K. Sheth, P. J. Lee, D. M. McRae, C. Sanabria, W. L. Starch, R. P. Walsh, M. C. Jewell, A. Devred and D. C. Larbalestier, Applied Superconductivity, IEEE Transactions on, vol.22, no.3, pp.4802504, June 2012. https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2011.2174554

91    “Procedures for Evaluating Filament Cracking During Fatigue Testing of Nb₃Sn Strand,” M. ;K. Sheth, Peter Lee, D. M. McRae, Robert Walsh, W. L. Starch, M. C. Jewell, A. Devred, and D. C. Larbalestier, Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, 58, AIP Conf. Proc. 1435, 201–208, 2012. https://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4712097

92   “Facility Implementation and Comparative Performance Evaluation of Probe-Corrected TEM/STEM with Schottky and Cold Field Emission Illumination,” Y. Xin, J. Kynoch, K. Han, Z. Liang, P. J. Lee, D. C. Larbalestier, Y.-F. Su, K. Nagahata, T. Aoki, and P. Longo, Microscopy and Microanalysis, vol. 19, no. 02, pp. 487–495, Mar. 2013. https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1431927612014298

93   “Evidence for length-dependent wire expansion, filament dedensification and consequent degradation of critical current density in Ag-alloy sheathed Bi-2212 wires,” A. Malagoli, P. J. Lee, A. K. Ghosh, C. Scheuerlein, M. Di Michiel, J. Jiang, U. P. Trociewitz, E. E. Hellstrom, and D. C. Larbalestier, Superconductor Science and Technology, vol. 26, no. 5, p. 055018, May 2013. https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-2048/26/5/055018

94   “The effect of axial and transverse loading on the transport properties of ITER Nb₃Sn strands,” A. Nijhuis, R. P. Pompe van Meerdervoort, H. J. G. Krooshoop, W. A. J. Wessel, C. Zhou, G. Rolando, C. Sanabria, P. J. Lee, D. C. Larbalestier, A. Devred, A. Vostner, N. Mitchell, Y. Takahashi, Y. Nabara, T. Boutboul, V. Tronza, S.-H. Park, and W. Yu, Superconductor Science and Technology, vol. 26, no. 8, p. 084004, Aug. 2013. https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-2048/26/8/084004

95   “Reversible and irreversible mechanical effects in real cable-in-conduit conductors,” N. Mitchell, A. Devred, D. C. Larbalestier, P. J. Lee, C. Sanabria, and A. Nijhuis, Superconductor Science and Technology, vol. 26, no. 11, p. 114004, Nov. 2013. https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-2048/26/11/114004

96   “Examination of the trade-off between intrinsic and extrinsic properties in the optimization of a modern internal tin Nb₃Sn conductor,” C. Tarantini, P. J. Lee, N. Craig, A. Ghosh, and D. C. Larbalestier, D.C., Superconductor Science and Technology, vol. 27, p. 065013, 2014. https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-2048/27/6/065013

97   “Observation of the Microstructure of Grain Boundary Oxides in Superconducting RF-Quality Niobium With High-Resolution TEM (Transmission Electron Microscope),” Z.-H. Sung, P. J. Lee, and D. C. Larbalestier, IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., vol. 24, pp. 68-73, 2014. https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2013.2287050

98   “Isotropic Round-Wire Multifilament Cuprate Superconductor for Generation of Magnetic Fields above 30 T,” D. C. Larbalestier, J. Jiang, U. P. Trociewitz, F. Kametani, C. Scheuerlein, M. Dalban-Canassy, M. Matras, P. Chen, N. C. Craig, P. J. Lee, and E. E. Hellstrom, Nature Materials, vol. 13(4), pp. 375-381, 2014. https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmat3887

99   “An Explanation of How Split Melt Processing Can Enhance the Critical Current Density of Bi2212 Round Wires Based on Examination of Bubble Size and Density Formed in the Melt,” F. Kametani, E. G. Lee, T. Shen, P. J. Lee, J. Jiang, E. E. Hellstrom, and D. C. Larbalestier, Superconductor Science and Technology, vol. 27(5), p. 055004, 2014. https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-2048/27/5/055004

100   “Fusion Materials Science and Technology Research Opportunities Now and during the ITER Era,” S. J. Zinkle, J. P. Blanchard, R. W. Callis, C. E. Kessel, R. J. Kurtz, P. J. Lee, K. A. McCarthy, N. B. Morley, F. Najmabadi, R. E. Nygren, G. R. Tynan, D. G. Whyte, R. S. Willms, and B. D. Wirth, Fusion Engineering and Design, vol. 89, no. 7–8, pp. 1579–1585, Oct. 2014. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fusengdes.2014.02.048

101   “Influence of the heat-treatment conditions, microchemistry, and microstructure on the irreversible strain limit of a selection of Ti-doped internal-tin Nb₃Sn ITER wires,” N. Cheggour, P. J. Lee, L. F. Goodrich, Z.-H. Sung, T. C. Stauffer, J. D. Splett, and M. C. Jewell, Superconductor Science and Technology, vol. 27, no. 10, p. 105004, Oct. 2014. https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-2048/27/10/105004

102   “Specific heat of Nb₃Sn: The case for a single gap,” Y. J. Jo, J. Zhou, Z. H. Sung, P. J. Lee, and D. C. Larbalestier, APL Materials, vol. 2, no. 10, p. 106101, Oct. 2014. https://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4896935

103   “Aberration-Corrected S/TEM at Florida State University,” Y. Xin, K. Han, Z. Liang, Y.-F. Su, P. J. Lee, and D. C. Larbalestier, Microscopy Today, vol. 22, no. 03, pp. 42–49, 2014. https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1551929514000509

104   “Evidence of Incomplete Annealing at 800 °C and the Effects of 120 °C Baking on the Crystal Orientation and the Surface Superconducting Properties of Cold-Worked and Chemically Polished Nb,” Z.-H. Sung, A. Dzyuba, P. J. Lee, D. C. Larbalestier, and L. D. Cooley, Superconductor Science and Technology, vol. 28, no. 7, 075003, 2015. https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-2048/28/7/075003

105   “Metallographic autopsies of full-scale ITER prototype cable-in-conduit conductors after full testing in SULTAN: 1. The mechanical role of copper strands in a CICC,” C. Sanabria, P. J. Lee, W. Starch, T. Blum, A. Devred, M. C. Jewell, I. Pong, N. Martovetsky, and D. C. Larbalestier, Superconductor Science and Technology, vol. 28, no. 8, p. 085005, Jun. 22, 2015. https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-2048/28/8/085005

106   “Composition and Connectivity Variability of the A15 Phase in PIT Nb₃Sn Wires,” C. Tarantini, C. Segal, Z. H. Sung, P. J. Lee, L. Oberli, A. Ballarino, L. Bottura, and D. C. Larbalestier, Superconductor Science and Technology, vol. 28, no. 9, p. 095001, Sep. 1, 2015. https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-2048/28/9/095001

107   “Metallographic autopsies of full-scale ITER prototype cable-in-conduit conductors after full cyclic testing in SULTAN: II. Significant reduction of strand movement and strand damage in short twist pitch CICCs,” C. Sanabria, P. J. Lee, W. Starch, A. Devred and D. C. Larbalestier, Superconductor Science and Technology, vol. 28, no. 12, p. 125003, Oct. 14, 2015. https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-2048/28/12/125003

108   “Large grain CBMM Nb ingot slices: An ideal test bed for exploring the microstructure-electromagnetic property relationships relevant to SRF,” Z.-H. Sung, P. J. Lee, A. Polyanskii, S. Balachandran, S. Chetri, D. C. Larbalestier, M. Wang, C. Compton, and T. R. Bieler, in AIP Conference Proceedings, 2015, vol. 1687, p. 020004. https://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4935318

109   “Significant enhancement of compositional and superconducting homogeneity in Ti rather than Ta-doped Nb₃Sn,” C. Tarantini, Z.-H. Sung, P. J. Lee, A. K. Ghosh, and D. C. Larbalestier, Applied Physics Letters, vol. 108, no. 4, p. 042603, Jan. 2016. https://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4940726

110   “Metallographic autopsies of full-scale ITER prototype cable-in-conduit conductors after full cyclic testing in SULTAN: III. The importance of strand surface roughness in long twist pitch conductors,” C. Sanabria, P. J. Lee, W. Starch, A. Devred, and D. C. Larbalestier, Superconductor Science and Technology, vol. 29, no. 7, p. 74002, Jul. 2016. https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-2048/29/7/074002

111   “Evaluation of critical current density and residual resistance ratio limits in powder in tube Nb₃Sn conductors,” C. Segal, C. Tarantini, Z. H. Sung, P. J. Lee, B. Sailer, M. Thoener, K. Schlenga, A. Ballarino, L. Bottura, B. Bordini, C. Scheuerlein, and D. C. Larbalestier, Superconductor Science and Technology, vol. 29, no. 8, p. 85003, Aug. 2016. https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-2048/29/8/085003

112   “Correlation of filament distortion and RRR degradation in drawn and rolled PIT and RRP Nb₃Sn wires,” M. Brown, C. Tarantini, W. Starch, W. Oates, P. J. Lee, and D. C. Larbalestier, Superconductor Science and Technology, vol. 29, no. 8, p. 84008, Aug. 2016. https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-2048/29/8/084008

113   “Development of low angle grain boundaries in lightly deformed superconducting niobium and their influence on hydride distribution and flux perturbation,” Z.-H. Sung, M. Wang, A.A. Polyanskii, C. Santosh, S. Balachandran, C. Compton, D.C. Larbalestier, T.R. Bieler, and P.J. Lee, Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 121, no. 19, p. 193903, May 2017. https://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4983512

114   “An intermetallic powder-in-tube approach to increased flux-pinning in Nb₃Sn by internal oxidation of Zr,” L. R. Motowidlo, P. J. Lee, C. Tarantini, S. Balachandran, A. K. Ghosh, and D. C. Larbalestier, Supercond. Sci. Technol., vol. 31, no. 1, p. 014002, 2018. https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6668/aa980f

115   “Evidence for preferential flux flow at the grain boundaries of Superconducting RF-quality Niobium,” Z-H. Sung, P.J. Lee, A.V. Gurevich, D.C. Larbalestier, Supercond. Sci. Technol., vol. 31, no. 4, p. 045001, 2018. https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6668/aaa65d

116   “effect of low temperature baking in nitrogen on the performance of a niobium superconducting radio frequency cavity,” Dhakal, P.; Chetri, S.; Balachandran, S.; Lee, P.J. and Ciovati, G., Physical Review Accelerators and Beams, 21, 3, 032001, March 8, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.21.032001

117   “Evidence from EXAFS for Different Ta/Ti Site Occupancy in High Critical Current Density Nb₃Sn Superconductor Wires,” Heald, S.M.; Tarantini, C.; Lee, P.J.; Brown, M.D.; Sung, Z.H.; Ghosh, A.K. and Larbalestier, D.C. Nature Scientific Reports, 8, 1, 4798, March 19, 2018” https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-22924-3

118   “Controlling Cu–Sn mixing so as to enable higher critical current densities in RRP ® Nb₃Sn wires,” C. Sanabria, M. Field, P. J. Lee, H. Miao, J. Parrell, and D. C. Larbalestier, Supercond. Sci. Technol., vol. 31, no. 6, p. 064001, Apr. 2018. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6668/aab8dd

119   “Revealing the role of nitrogen on hydride nucleation and stability in pure niobium using first-principles calculations,” P. Garg, S. Balachandran, I. Adlakha, P. J. Lee, T. R. Bieler, and K. N. Solanki, Supercond. Sci. Technol., vol. 31, no. 11, p. 115007, Oct. 2018. https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6668/aae147

120   “Precipitous change of the irreversible strain limit with heat-treatment temperature in Nb₃Sn wires made by the restacked-rod process,” N. Cheggour, T.C. Stauffer, W. Starch, P.J. Lee, J.D. Splett, L.F. Goodrich, and A.K. Ghosh, Scientific Reports, vol. 8, no. 1, p. 13048, Aug. 2018. https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-30911-x

121   “Beneficial influence of Hf and Zr additions to Nb4at%Ta on the vortex pinning of Nb₃Sn with and without an O source,” Balachandran, S., Tarantini, C., Lee, P. J., Kametani, F., Su, Y.-F., Walker, B., Starch, W. L., and Larbalestier, D. C., Supercond. Sci. Technol., vol. 32, no. 4, p. 044006, Feb. 2019. https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6668/aaff02

122   “High-Strength Cu–Ta–W Composite,” S. Balachandran, D. B. Smathers, R. P. Walsh, W. L. Starch, and P. J. Lee, IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, vol. 29, no. 5, pp. 1–4, Aug. 2019. https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2019.2906781

123   “Ta, Ti and Hf effects on Nb₃Sn high-field performance: temperature-dependent dopant occupancy and failure of Kramer extrapolation,” C. Tarantini, S. Balachandran, S.M. Heald, P.J. Lee, N. Paudel, E.S. Choi, W.L. Starch, D.C. Larbalestier, Supercond. Sci. Technol., 32 (12), 124003, Nov. 2019. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6668/ab4d9e

124   “Surface characterization of nitrogen-doped high purity niobium coupons compared with superconducting rf cavity performance,” P. Dhakal, G. Ciovati, U. Pudasaini, S. Chetri, S Balachandran, P.J. Lee, Physical Review Accelerators and Beams 22 (12), 122002, Dec. 2019. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.22.122002

Proceedings (non-Reviewed)

1    A Microchemical Study Of Surface Films On Aluminum Alloy Foils For AEM," P. J. Lee, Proceedings of the 4^th Analytical Electron Microscopy Workshop, Lehigh, PA, MAS, San Francisco Press, pp. 69-72, 1985.

2    "Microstructure Development in a High Current Density NbTi Superconductor," Proc. of 43 Conf. EMSA, Ed. G. Bailey, San Francisco Press, pp. 186-189, 1985.

3    "Study of Segregation in La_1.8Sr_0.2CuO₄ Superconductor by STEM-EDS Microanalysis," T. F. Kelly, P. J. Lee, E. E. Hellstrom and D. C. Larbalestier, Proc. of 45 Conf. EMSA, Ed. G. Bailey, San Francisco Press, pp. 54-55, 1987.

4    "Enhancement of Atomic Number Contrast for Image Analysis of Highly Strained Materials," P. J. Lee, Proc. of 45 Conf. EMSA, Ed. G. Bailey, San Francisco Press, pp. 358-359, 1987.

5    "Progress in the Understanding and Manipulation in High J_c Nb-Ti Alloy Composites," P. J. Lee, J. C. McKinnell, and D. C. Larbalestier, Proc. of New Developments in Applied Superconductivity, ed. Y. Murakami, World Scientific Press, pp. 357-362, 1989.

6   "Development of BCC/BCC (Matrix/Fiber) Nanostructures by Powder Metallurgy Techniques," P. D. Jablonski, P. J. Lee, and D. C. Larbalestier, in proceedings of Materials Week '94; "High Performance Composites: Commonality of Phenomena", Rosemont, IL, K. K. Chawla, P. K. Liaw, and S. G. Fishman, eds., October 2, 1994, pp. 231-237. ISBN 0-87339-247-7

7   "Development and Characterization of Artificial Microstructures in Long Lengths of Superconducting Wire," P. D. Jablonski, P. J. Lee and D. C. Larbalestier, Mat. Res. Soc. Symp., 351, pp. 455-460, 1994.

https://dx.doi.org/10.1557/PROC-351-455

8   "New developments in niobium titanium superconductors," D. C. Larbalestier and P. J. Lee, Proc. 1995 Particle Accelerator Conference and International Conference on High Energy Accelerators, IEEE, pp. 1276-1281, 1996. An Adobe Acrobat Preprint of this file may be viewed at the following location (274 KB, 6 pages):https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/PAC.1995.505199

9   "Image Analysis of Nb₃Sn Strand For ITER Application: A comparison with SSC Nb-Ti,", P. J. Lee and D. C. Larbal­estier, Proc. 9^th US-Japan Workshop on High-Field Superconducting Materials, Wires and Conductors and Standard Procedures for High-Field Superconducting Wires Testing, Kyoto, Japan, Ed. K. Osamura, K. Yamafuji, H. Wada and M. Suenaga, pp. 57-60, 1995.

10    "Enhanced Control Of Electropolishing For The Preparation Of Thin Foils For Transmission Electron Microscopy: Artificial And Multiple Phase Micro-Electropolishing," Peter J. Lee, Proc. Microscopy & Microanalysis '96, ed. G. W. Bailey et al., San Francisco Press, pp. 1028-1029, 1996. An Adobe Acrobat Preprint of this file may be viewed at the following location (274 KB, 6 pages): https://fs.magnet.fsu.edu/~lee/asc/pdf_papers/357.pdf

11    "Nb₃Sn Microstructures and Macrostructures: New Quantitative Image Analysis Techniques,", P. J. Lee, John Ruess and D. C. Larbal­estier, Proc. 10^th US-Japan Workshop on High-Field Superconducting Materials, Wires and Conductors and Standard Procedures for Testing, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Dec 9-11, 1996, Ed. K. Osamura, K. Yamafuji, H. Wada and M. Suenaga, pp. 59-65, 1997. https://fs.magnet.fsu.edu/~lee/asc/pdf_papers/485.pdf

12    "Third Round of the ITER Nb₃Sn Strand Bench Mark Test," Hennie G. Knoopers, Arend Nijhuis, Erik J.G. Krooshoop, Herman H.J. ten Kate, Pierluigi Bruzzone, Peter J. Lee and Alexander A. Squitieri, Paper 13Ge-3 (July 2), presented at The Third European Conference On Applied Superconductivity, Koningshof, Netherlands, 1997. "Applied Superconductivity 1997, (158) pp. 1271-1274, 1997" edited by D H A Blank, and H Rogalla, University of Twente, The Netherlands.

13    "Prospects For The Use Of High Temperature Superconductors In High Field Accelerator Magnets," D. C. Larbalestier and P. J. Lee, 1999 IEEE Particle Accelerator Conference, ed. A. Luccio, W. MacKay, vol. 1, pp. 177-181, 1999. https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pac.1999.795657

14    "Nb₃Sn: Macrostructure, Microstructure and Property Comparisons for Bronze and Internal Sn Process Strands," P. J. Lee, A. A. Squitieri and D. C. Larbalestier, Paper CF-P40 at the International Workshop on Critical Currents 1999, Madison WI, July 7-10 1999.

15    "Position Normalization As A Tool To Extract Compositional And Microstructural Profiles From Backscatter And Secondary Electron Images," P. J. Lee and D. C. Larbalestier, Microscopy and Microanalysis, 6, Supplement 2, pp. 1026-1027, 2000. Download PDF file (1.4 MB, 2 pages)

16    "Advances in Superconducting Strand for Accelerator Magnet Application," Peter J. Lee, David C. Larbalestier, Proc. of the 2003 Particle Accelerator Conference, Portland, OR, U.S.A., May 12-16, 2003, ed. Chew, Lucas and Webber, IEEE, pp. 151-155, 2004. Available from the on-line proceedings at: https://accelconf.web.cern.ch/accelconf/p03/PAPERS/TOAB003.PDF and https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/PAC.2003.1288865

17    "Microstructural and Microchemical Homogeneity for High Critical Current Density in Nb₃Sn," P. J. Lee and D. C. Larbalestier, Paper VII-1 presented at the 1st International Workshop on Progress in Nb-based Superconductors, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan, Feb. 2-3, 2004. Published in "Progress of Nb-based Superconductors: Proceedings of International Workshop on Nb-Based Superconductors," Ed. K Inoue, T. Takeuchi and A. Kikuchi, pub. Maeda printing Co. Ltd., Japan, pp. 1-8, 2005. Download 0.9 MB PDF file: https://fs.magnet.fsu.edu/~lee/asc/pdf_papers/796.pdf

18    "The Properties and Microstructure of Nb-47Ti Superconductor with Magnetic Pinning Centers," L. R. Motowidlo, M. K. Rudziak, T. Wong, L. D, Cooley, and P. J. Lee, Paper VIII-3 presented at the 1st International Workshop on Progress in Nb-based Superconductors, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan, Feb. 2-3, 2004. Published in "Progress of Nb-based Superconductors: Proceedings of International Workshop on Nb-Based Superconductors," Ed. K Inoue, T. Takeuchi and A. Kikuchi, pub. Maeda printing Co. Ltd., Japan, pp. 142-149, 2005.

19    "Study of Magnetic Flux Pinning in Nb-Ti Superconductors Using Artificial Pinning Center Technology," O. Miura, D. Ito, and P. J. Lee, Paper VIII-4 presented at the 1st International Workshop on Progress in Nb-based Superconductors, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan, Feb. 2-3, 2004. Published in "Progress of Nb-based Superconductors: Proceedings of International Workshop on Nb-Based Superconductors," Ed. K Inoue, T. Takeuchi and A. Kikuchi, pub. Maeda printing Co. Ltd., Japan, pp. 150-157, 2005.

20    "SRF Cavity and Materials R&D at Fermilab," P. Bauer, L. Bellantoni, T. Berenc, C. Boffo, R. Carcagno, C. Chapman, H. Edwards, L. Elementi, M. Foley, E. Hahn, D. Hicks, T. Khabiboulline, D. Mitchell, A. Rowe, N. Solyak, Y. Terechkine, A. Gurevich, M. Jewell, D.C. Larbalestier, P. Lee, A. Polyanskii, and A. Squitieri, Paper MOP82 at LINAC 2004, held August 16-20, 2004 in Lübeck, Germany, published in LINAC 2004 - Proceedings. pp. 213-215 at Joint Accelerator Conference Website (JaCoW): Download 0.3 MB PDF file: https://accelconf.web.cern.ch/AccelConf/l04/PAPERS/MOP82.PDF

21    "An Investigation of the Properties of BCP Niobium for Superconducting RF Cavities," Anatolii Polyanskii, Pierre Bauer, Peter J. Lee, Cristian Boffo, Leo Bellantoni, Helen Edwards, Alex Gurevich, Matt Jewell, David Larbalestier, G.K. Perkins, Alex Squitieri, presented at the "Pushing the Limits of RF Superconductivity" workshop, held at Argonne National Laboratory, September 22-24, 2004. Argonne National Laboratory Report ANL-05/10, Ed. Kwang-Je Kim and Catherine Eyberger, pp 84-93, March 2005. Full report available at no cost from https://osti.gov/bridge. This individual report (1.2 MB) may be downloaded from: https://fs.magnet.fsu.edu/~lee/pubs/PLeePBauer_SRFLimits_RFNbMatStudy.pdf

22    "Inhomogeneous Flux Penetration In Niobium Sheet Sampled Across The Cavity Production Route," A. A. Polyanskii, A. A. Squitieri, M. C. Jewell, P. J. Lee, A. Gurevich, D. C. Larbalestier, P. Bauer, L. Bellantoni, C. Boffo, H. Edwards, paper TuP55 presented at the 12th International workshop on RF Superconductivity (SRF 2005), Ithaca, NY, USA, July 10-15, 2005. Published in the proceedings of SRF05, 2006.

23    "A Magneto-Optical Investigation of Niobium for Superconducting RF Cavities," Anatolii Polyanskii, Pierre Bauer, Peter J. Lee, Cristian Boffo, Helen Edwards, Alex Gurevich, David Larbalestier, Alex Squitieri, International Committee for Future Accelerators: Beam Dynamics Newsletter No. 39 Issue Editor: K. J. Kim Editor in Chief: W. Chou, pp.44-53, April 2006. https://www-bd.fnal.gov/icfabd/Newsletter39.pdf

24    "Review of Magneto-Optical Resolution on High-Purity Nb for Super-conducting RF Application," A. A. Polyanskii, P. J. Lee, A. Gurevich, Z. Sung, D. C. Larbalestier, C. Antoine, P. C. Bauer, C. Boffo, H. T. Edwards, contributed to Proc. Int. Workshop on Thin Films and New Ideas for Pushing the Limits of RF Superconductivity, Padua, Italy, Oct. 9-12 (2006). INFN download link.

25    “Metallographic investigation of fracture behavior in ITER-style Nb₃Sn superconducting strands,” M. C. Jewell, D. C. Larbalestier, A. Nijhuis, and P. J. Lee, in WAMSDO Proceedings, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland, 2009, pp. 30–32. https://dx.doi.org/10.5170/CERN-2009-001.30

26    “Determination of Bulk and Surface Superconducting Properties of N2-Doped Cold Worked, Heat Treated and Electro-Polished SRF Grade Niobium" Chetri, S., Dhakal, P., Larbalestier, D. C., Lee, P. J., and Sung, Z.-H., Proc. of International Conference on RF Superconductivity (SRF2015), Whistler, BC, Canada, Sept. 13-18, 2015 (2015): 214–218. https://dx.doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-SRF2015-MOPB052

27    “Introduction of Precisely Controlled Microstructural Defects into SRF Cavity Niobium Sheets and Their Impact on Local Superconducting Properties" Wang, M., Bieler, T. R., Compton, C., Kang, D., Larbalestier, D. C., Lee, P. J., Polyanskii, A., and Sung, Z.-H., Proc. of International Conference on RF Superconductivity (SRF2015), Whistler, BC, Canada, Sept. 13-18, 2015 (2015): 120–124. https://dx.doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-SRF2015-MOPB018

28    “Investigation of the Effect of Strategically Selected Grain Boundaries on Superconducting Properties of SRF Cavity Niobium," Wang M, Balachandran S, Bieler T, Chetri S, Compton C, Lee P, Polyanskii A (2018) Proc. of International Conference on RF Superconductivity (SRF'17), Lanzhou, China, July 17-21, 2017, 787–791, https://doi.org/10.18429/jacow-srf2017-thpb026

29    “Role of Nitrogen on Hydride Nucleation in Pure Niobium by First Principles Calculations,".Garg P, Adlakha I, Balachandran S, Bieler TR, Lee PJ, Solanki KN (2018) Proc. of International Conference on RF Superconductivity (SRF'17), Lanzhou, China, July 17-21, 2017, 741–745. https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-SRF2017-THPB002

30    “Investigation of Precipitation and Segregation of Secondary Phase Byproducts in Intermetallic Superconducting Materials," Yi-Feng Su, Shreyas Balachandran, Yesusa Collantes, Fumitake Kametani, Chiara Tarantini, Peter J. Lee, Eric E. Hellstrom and David C. Larbalestier, Microscopy and Microanalysis, vol. 25, no. S2, pp. 2246–2247, Aug. 2019. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927619011966

31    “Study of Dislocation Content Near Grain Boundaries using Electron Channeling Contrast Imaging and its Effect on Superconducting Properties of Niobium," Wang M, Balachandran S, Bieler T, Chetri S, Compton C, Lee P, Polyanskii A (2019) Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on RF Superconductivity, pp:876–880, Aug. 2019. https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-SRF2019-THP020

Last Updated: 1/24/2020

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